Revision
Readership The sun and the daily mail Tablets and broadsheets Content and justification 4 newspapers Listenership on the radio Trends and patterns David Gauntlett (2004) argues that the passive spectatorship model is out-dated; it patronises audiences by assuming that they are all the same. He takes issue with the idea that media texts are solely to blame for societal ills, without taking sociological or psychological problems into consideration. Gauntlett argues, rather, for active audience theory. Vertical integration online and social media services Horizontal integration Distribution TV channels Merchendising etc